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    為什么如今人人都想通過零工經濟賺錢?

    S. Mitra Kalita
    2021-05-26

    即使美國人已經開始陸續回到了工作崗位,這份對彈性工作制的渴望依然存在。

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    在新冠疫情期間,兼職人員反而被提拔成了高管。

    新冠肺炎疫情之前,美國勞動者中的自由職業者占比就在不斷增長;一項疫情前的數據顯示,超過三分之一的勞動者參與了零工經濟。到2020年,零工的工資和占比增長了33%。

    這大約要歸因于過去一年人們在經濟和情感方面遇到的動蕩,以及快速決策的需要?;蛘呦袼沟俜夷?納迪?奧爾森所說,“一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井繩”;奧爾森是一家負責搜尋兼職人才的公司We Are Rosie的創始人及首席執行官?!埃ㄒ咔槠陂g)人們不得不辭退朋友,招聘新員工的時候又躊躇不定?!彼f?!八麄円蚨鴥A向于選擇混合模式,并會思考這一問題:‘重建員工體系的過程中,我們要如何降低風險?’”

    總部位于亞特蘭大的We Are Rosie組建了一個自由銷售人員關系網,旨在幫助品牌和機構搜尋兼職員工。也許是為了應對新冠疫情,該公司推出了Rosie招聘計劃(Rosie Recruits),允許雇主和雇員互相試用6個月。

    這種權力的動態轉變是自由職業者崛起的關鍵。疫情的出現,促使員工在就業時開始將價值觀和目標放在首位。經濟上的動蕩,迫使雇主采用更經濟節約的方式來雇傭員工?!昂谌说拿彩敲保˙lack Lives Matter)運動,則推動了美國各類企業對公司各層級的薪酬公平、種族代表性和多樣性等問題進行了深入的自我審視和反思。(長期以來,有色人種在零工中占比一直較高,其零工類型復雜多樣,包括外賣員和首席營銷官。)

    最近的一項招聘調查顯示,92%的受訪者認為,現在是時候找個兼職了。超過半數的受訪者表示,他們希望簽訂一份工作時間靈活的長期合同。

    即使美國人已經開始陸續回到了工作崗位,這份對彈性工作制的渴望依然存在。

    對未來做出了以下三點預測的基礎上,邁克爾?薩洛奧創辦了Huddle,作為高端自由職業者們的家園。

    未來遠程辦公會成為趨勢。

    未來兼職高管會越來越普遍。

    員工想要擁有自己創造的東西的所有權。

    當提起合同工或臨時工時,大多數人想到的是初級人才。薩洛奧以愛彼迎(Airbnb)去年成功上市后離職的一位高管為例。盡管目前本應有這種高端人才參與零工經濟,但現有的臨時工體系減弱了這種吸引力?!澳闳匀恍枰柚穗H網絡來尋找這種人才?!彼f?!澳壳拔覀冋诒M力組建這樣一支可以全身心投入工作的高端隊伍,整個過程非常艱難?!?/p>

    兼職高管的出現,得以讓初創公司找到愿意兼職辦公的高端人才。薩洛奧以首席營銷官為例:“我想要雇傭一位經驗豐富的首席營銷官,但我請不起他們做全職。所以我會雇一位兼職首席營銷官,讓他一周工作兩到三天。在公司發展的前期階段,借由這種方式讓效益實現最大化?!弊詈?,他說:“公司能夠分給自由職業者股權。由此,他們在兼職期間會努力為公司工作以推動股價上漲?!?/p>

    今年4月初,高管獵頭公司海德思哲(Heidrick & Struggles)收購了專職搜尋獨立顧問的商業人才集團(Business Talent Group),顯示出全兼職之間的界限正在變得模糊不清?!靶鹿谝咔槠陂g是一段特殊的、充滿不確定性的時期?!鄙虡I人才集團的聯合創始人喬迪?格林斯通?米勒說?!叭藗儗Αc兼職員工一起工作’這一概念的接受度更高。因為很難預測什么方式會奏效,大家想要嘗試更多可能?!?/p>

    四分之三的自由職業者比全職者更賺錢。一些人力資源機構還為其提供了醫療保健、固定工資,以及其它福利。最重要的是,自由職業者可以自主挑選工作,避開那些機械乏味的項目。

    “這更像是熱情經濟?!彼_洛奧指出?!霸诟呤⒓瘓F(Goldman Sachs)干八年?Z世代可不會這么做?!?/p>

    商業人才集團成立于2007年。當時,風險投資者米勒注意到初創企業中出現了一種趨勢:“每個初創企業都需要人才,迫切需要人才,就算是仍然在大公司工作的人才也行?!彼赋?,2009年經濟大蕭條(Great Recession)結束后,從雇傭自由職業者轉為招聘全職員工的公司數量最多。她預計新冠疫情后期也會出現類似的趨勢。

    事實上,自助式數據公司Glean的創始人卡洛斯?阿吉拉爾就是這一趨勢的代表。他于2019年年中建立了公司,過去一年雇傭的一直是自由職業者以及拉丁美洲的合同工,如今他準備招聘全職員工并確定辦公場所?!爱敼咎幱趯嶒炿A段時,我們更愿意雇傭合同工?!彼f?!艾F在我們有了很多付費客戶,研發路線更加明晰,我們就要開始招聘全職員工了。要想創意頻出,員工必須聚在一起,這一點非常重要?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W)

    譯者:Claire

    在新冠疫情期間,兼職人員反而被提拔成了高管。

    新冠肺炎疫情之前,美國勞動者中的自由職業者占比就在不斷增長;一項疫情前的數據顯示,超過三分之一的勞動者參與了零工經濟。到2020年,零工的工資和占比增長了33%。

    這大約要歸因于過去一年人們在經濟和情感方面遇到的動蕩,以及快速決策的需要?;蛘呦袼沟俜夷?納迪?奧爾森所說,“一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井繩”;奧爾森是一家負責搜尋兼職人才的公司We Are Rosie的創始人及首席執行官?!埃ㄒ咔槠陂g)人們不得不辭退朋友,招聘新員工的時候又躊躇不定?!彼f?!八麄円蚨鴥A向于選擇混合模式,并會思考這一問題:‘重建員工體系的過程中,我們要如何降低風險?’”

    總部位于亞特蘭大的We Are Rosie組建了一個自由銷售人員關系網,旨在幫助品牌和機構搜尋兼職員工。也許是為了應對新冠疫情,該公司推出了Rosie招聘計劃(Rosie Recruits),允許雇主和雇員互相試用6個月。

    這種權力的動態轉變是自由職業者崛起的關鍵。疫情的出現,促使員工在就業時開始將價值觀和目標放在首位。經濟上的動蕩,迫使雇主采用更經濟節約的方式來雇傭員工?!昂谌说拿彩敲保˙lack Lives Matter)運動,則推動了美國各類企業對公司各層級的薪酬公平、種族代表性和多樣性等問題進行了深入的自我審視和反思。(長期以來,有色人種在零工中占比一直較高,其零工類型復雜多樣,包括外賣員和首席營銷官。)

    最近的一項招聘調查顯示,92%的受訪者認為,現在是時候找個兼職了。超過半數的受訪者表示,他們希望簽訂一份工作時間靈活的長期合同。

    即使美國人已經開始陸續回到了工作崗位,這份對彈性工作制的渴望依然存在。

    對未來做出了以下三點預測的基礎上,邁克爾?薩洛奧創辦了Huddle,作為高端自由職業者們的家園。

    未來遠程辦公會成為趨勢。

    未來兼職高管會越來越普遍。

    員工想要擁有自己創造的東西的所有權。

    當提起合同工或臨時工時,大多數人想到的是初級人才。薩洛奧以愛彼迎(Airbnb)去年成功上市后離職的一位高管為例。盡管目前本應有這種高端人才參與零工經濟,但現有的臨時工體系減弱了這種吸引力?!澳闳匀恍枰柚穗H網絡來尋找這種人才?!彼f?!澳壳拔覀冋诒M力組建這樣一支可以全身心投入工作的高端隊伍,整個過程非常艱難?!?/p>

    兼職高管的出現,得以讓初創公司找到愿意兼職辦公的高端人才。薩洛奧以首席營銷官為例:“我想要雇傭一位經驗豐富的首席營銷官,但我請不起他們做全職。所以我會雇一位兼職首席營銷官,讓他一周工作兩到三天。在公司發展的前期階段,借由這種方式讓效益實現最大化?!弊詈?,他說:“公司能夠分給自由職業者股權。由此,他們在兼職期間會努力為公司工作以推動股價上漲?!?/p>

    今年4月初,高管獵頭公司海德思哲(Heidrick & Struggles)收購了專職搜尋獨立顧問的商業人才集團(Business Talent Group),顯示出全兼職之間的界限正在變得模糊不清?!靶鹿谝咔槠陂g是一段特殊的、充滿不確定性的時期?!鄙虡I人才集團的聯合創始人喬迪?格林斯通?米勒說?!叭藗儗Αc兼職員工一起工作’這一概念的接受度更高。因為很難預測什么方式會奏效,大家想要嘗試更多可能?!?/p>

    四分之三的自由職業者比全職者更賺錢。一些人力資源機構還為其提供了醫療保健、固定工資,以及其它福利。最重要的是,自由職業者可以自主挑選工作,避開那些機械乏味的項目。

    “這更像是熱情經濟?!彼_洛奧指出?!霸诟呤⒓瘓F(Goldman Sachs)干八年?Z世代可不會這么做?!?/p>

    商業人才集團成立于2007年。當時,風險投資者米勒注意到初創企業中出現了一種趨勢:“每個初創企業都需要人才,迫切需要人才,就算是仍然在大公司工作的人才也行?!彼赋?,2009年經濟大蕭條(Great Recession)結束后,從雇傭自由職業者轉為招聘全職員工的公司數量最多。她預計新冠疫情后期也會出現類似的趨勢。

    事實上,自助式數據公司Glean的創始人卡洛斯?阿吉拉爾就是這一趨勢的代表。他于2019年年中建立了公司,過去一年雇傭的一直是自由職業者以及拉丁美洲的合同工,如今他準備招聘全職員工并確定辦公場所?!爱敼咎幱趯嶒炿A段時,我們更愿意雇傭合同工?!彼f?!艾F在我們有了很多付費客戶,研發路線更加明晰,我們就要開始招聘全職員工了。要想創意頻出,員工必須聚在一起,這一點非常重要?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W)

    譯者:Claire

    It took a pandemic, but the side hustle finally got promoted…into the C-suite.

    Even before COVID, independent workers were a growing part of the U.S. labor force; by one pre-pandemic estimate, more than a third of workers were involved in the gig economy. In 2020, their wages and participation grew 33%.

    That’s partly because of the economic and emotional roller coaster of the past year and the need for quick decision-making, nonetheless. Or “once bitten, twice shy,” as Stephanie Nadi Olson characterizes it; Olson is founder and CEO of We Are Rosie, an on-demand talent company. “People had to lay off friends and were hesitant to build back up,” she says. “They became open to hybrid models and asked, ‘How do we rebuild in a de-risked way?’”

    Based in Atlanta, We Are Rosie is a freelance network of marketing talent that helps brands and agencies staff up. Partly in response to COVID, the company launched Rosie Recruits, which allows employers and employees to try each other out for six months.

    This shift in power dynamics is key to the rise of the independent worker. The pandemic ignited people to prioritize values and purpose in their place of employment. Economic uncertainty forces employers to do more with less. And the Black Lives Matter movement prompted scrutiny and introspection, from startups to corporate America, on issues of pay equity, representation, and diversity across all rungs of a company. (Workers of color have long made up a higher portion of the gig economy, a vast category that includes delivery drivers and chief marketing officers.)

    A recent hiring survey found 92% of respondents thinking it’s a good time to look into gig work. More than half said they would like a long-term contract with flexible hours.

    Even as Americans begin to tiptoe back to in-person work, this desire for flexibility remains.

    Three predictions drove Michael Saloio to launch Huddle, which dubs itself the home for highly skilled independent workers.

    The fuure of work is remote.

    The future of company leadership is fractional.

    Workers want ownership in what they are creating.

    When most people think of independent contractors or temp work, they think of junior-level talent. Saloio uses the example of a top designer leaving, say, Airbnb after its successful IPO last year. The current landscape of temp work wouldn’t lure that talent, even though it should, Saloio notes. “Those are the people you find through your network,” he says. “Founders are looking for that dream team of people really invested in the project. The process of finding them is super daunting.”

    Fractional leadership allows startups to find highly skilled talent willing to work on a part-time basis. Saloio uses the example of a chief marketing officer: “I want a seasoned CMO, but I can’t afford to hire them full-time. So I’ll hire a fractional CMO for two to three days a week. Bring them on while you are growing.” Lastly, he says, “our freelancers can earn equity in the companies that we plug them into. The most in-demand people want upside in their projects.”

    At earlier April, executive search firm Heidrick & Struggles acquired Business Talent Group, which provides independent consultants on demand, in a show of the blurring lines between full-time and part-time talent search and staffing. “COVID was such an unusually uncertain period,” says Business Talent Group cofounder Jody Greenstone Miller. “The notion that you could do work with someone who is not a full-time permanent employee, there was a greater openness to that…It’s very hard to predict what’s going to work, and you want as many at-bats as possible.”

    Three-quarters of those who leave an employer to freelance report making more money than in a traditional job. Some staffing agencies also provide health care and regular paychecks, among other benefits. Most significantly, the nature of the work allows employees to pick and choose what they work on, avoiding rote projects or monotony.

    “It’s more about a passion economy,” notes Huddle’s Saloio. “Goldman Sachs for eight years? That is not what Gen Z is doing.”

    Business Talent Group was launched in 2007 after Miller, a venture capitalist, noticed a trend among startups: “Every single startup needs talent, and they need talent right away—even talent within big companies.” She notes that the greatest number of conversions from independent work to full-time hires came after the Great Recession ended in 2009, and expects a similar trend in a post-COVID economy.

    Indeed, Carlos Aguilar, founder of Glean, a self-service data company, is emblematic of that trend. After launching in mid-2019 and getting through the past year with a mix of freelancers and offshore contractors in Latin America, he’s ready to hire full-time staff and look for office space. “When we were in the experimentation phase, we were more open to having contractors work on experiments,” he says. “Now we have many paying customers, and we have a more set R&D road map, so we’re looking for full-time folks. The core of the invention happening in a room together is incredibly important.”

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